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Video ViewAttendees 2

10-Minute Paper

On-Demand

Medical, Urban, and Veterinary Entomology

On-Demand 10-Minute Papers

Investigating the avian/mammalian blood meal source and RNA virome of Japanese encephalitis virus vectors collected in Japan

On-Demand
On-Demand

    Presenting Author(s)

  • Astri Nur Faizah (she/her/hers)

    Research Fellow
    National Institute of Infectious Diseases
    Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan

    • Co-Author(s)

  • DK

    Daisuke Kobayashi

    National Institute of Infectious Diseases
    Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan

  • RM

    Ryo Matsumura

    National Institute of Infectious Diseases
    Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan

  • MW

    Mamoru Watanabe

    National Institute of Infectious Diseases
    Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan

  • YH

    Yukiko Higa

    National Institute of Infectious Diseases
    Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan

  • KS

    Kyoko Sawabe

    National Institute of Infectious Diseases
    Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan

  • HI

    Haruhiko Isawa

    National Institute of Infectious Diseases
    Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan

Culex mosquitoes are of particular significance in Asia due to their role in the persistence of endemic mosquito-borne viral illnesses such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Host-feeding preferences, as well as the presence of RNA viruses in certain Culex species, however, remain unknown. In this work, blood-fed mosquitos were processed to identify avian and mammalian blood meal sources. Cell culture propagation and high-throughput sequencing (HTS) techniques were utilized concurrently to identify the RNA virome of mosquitos collected in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. Results of blood meal sources in wild-caught Culex spp. showed that Cx. tritaeniorhynchus prefers wild boar (62%) and heron (21%, 9/42). Other two species, Cx. bitaeniorhynchus and Cx. orientalis showed a clear preference for avian species, including migratory birds. The HTS results revealed 34 RNA virus sequences, four of which were newly found virus sequences of unclassified Aspiviridae, Qinviridae, Iflaviridae, and Picornaviridae. The lack of detectable cytopathic effects in human cells, as well as phylogenetic analysis, implied that all discovered viral sequences were insect-specific. Further research involving various mosquito populations gathered in other places is needed to investigate previously unknown vertebrate hosts that may be associated with JEV spread in nature.