Evaluating entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana, against wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) in the mid-Atlantic

Wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) are serious subterranean pests of agricultural crops in the U.S, one of which being potatoes. Presently, there are few insecticides that provide sufficient control and even fewer options for organic systems. The research at hand focuses on the investigation of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), specifically Beauveria bassiana, as an additional option for growers in need. Recent literature suggests granular formulations of EPFs beneficially increases the rate compared to other methods once applied to the soil. Preliminary data shows variability in wireworm mortality as a response to the granular application of EPFs, particularly in varied abiotic conditions. This study focused on the examination of environmental factors which influence granular EPF application such as soil type, moisture, and temperature. A series of granular sporulation assays were conducted in order to quantitatively measure the stated ecological variables. Results showed differences between fungal outgrowth and further established the ideal conditions for this alternative biological control for wireworm soil systems. Additional research expanding upon the relation to other limitations using EPFs regarding insects hosts is highly recommended. The hypothesized resistance to infectivity is consistent with literature surrounding challenges faced with crop protection from wireworms and requires further studies, such as the examination of their defensive cuticular surfaces.