While a growing number of studies support the idea that insects contribute importantly to wood decomposition, at least in regions where termites are active, most evidence comes from short-term studies involving small-diameter wood. We sought to test the hypothesis that insects have no net effect on large-diameter wood decomposition over (almost) the entire process in the southeastern United States. We will discuss the preliminary results from tulip poplar logs from which from which beetles, termites, both groups, or no insects were excluded over a five-year period.