D3348: Insects in art: focus on fireflies in Japanese woodblock prints

Art is a powerful tool used to engage diverse audiences. Analyzing artistic representations of insects serves to document human–insect interactions through time, provides insight into people’s perceptions and attitudes towards insects, and can enhance awareness and dialogue about critical topics, such as insect conservation. A selection of online museum collections, art databases, and dealer websites were used to find Japanese ukiyo-e wood block prints from the Edo, Meiji, and Taisho time periods (~1600–1926) featuring insects, with an emphasis on fireflies. Fireflies are well-known bioluminescent beetles (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) of great cultural significance, especially in Japan, and are currently facing global population declines. Visual information from the artwork was summarized, highlighting themes and connections to insect biology and cultural entomology. Artists’ representations of insects varied from realistic to symbolic. Most images were set outdoors during the evening near water, and primarily featured women and children, groups of women, and large parties catching fireflies or observing caged fireflies. ‘Beauties’, geisha, courtesans, kabuki actors, insect vendors, and various types of collecting tools and cages were also common subjects. Multiple artists were represented, including several renowned masters, and the artwork highlights the complex interactions between insects and humans. Insect-related art can enhance awareness of the historical and cultural significance of insects and may help with conservation efforts.